Benutzer:Don Quichote/Zwei-Staaten-Lösung

Zwei-Staaten-Lösung ist ein Sammelbegriff für verschiedene Lösungsvorschläge im Nahostkonflikt, die in der Forderung nach Errichtung eines Staates der Palästinenser neben dem Staate Israel übereinstimmen.

It is contrasted with the other two options: the binational solution 
(a twin federal arrangement) and the forced transfer solution 
(termination of the non-Palestinian or non-Israeli presence).

Befürworter einer Zwei-Staaten-Lösung

The Peel Commission report of 1937 envisioned a partition of the British Mandate of Palestine area into three sections: Arab, Jewish, and a small continued Mandate area (effectively under international control), containing Jerusalem. The Arab leadership rejected the plan, while the Jewish leadership, while not accepting it, wished to use it as a basis for further negotiation. Vorlage:NamedRef

The next major proposal to suggest a partition was the 1947 UN Partition plan for the division of Palestine. It also proposed a three-way division, again with Jerusalem held separately, under international control. It too was rejected by the leadership of Arab nations and the Palestinian leadership at the time, although this plan was accepted by the Jewish inhabitants.

Security Council resolutions dating back to 1976 supporting the two state solution based on the pre-1967 lines were vetoed by the USA. The idea has had overwhelming support in the UN General Assembly since the mid 1970's.

Recent events

In the 1990s the pressing need for a peace in the area, brought the two-state idea back to centre stage. At one point in the late 1990s, considerable diplomatic work went into negotiating a two-state solution between the parties, including the Oslo Accords and culminating in the Camp David 2000 Summit, and follow-on negotiations at Taba in January 2001. However, no final agreement was reached.

Variations include a Palestinian state in all of the West Bank and Gaza Strip or some portion thereof. In some proposals raised in talks with the Palestinians there would have been territorial adjustments involving some small sections of current Israeli territory.

Some Israelis hold that the two-state solution was implemented in 1922 when Britain split off the eastern 75% of the Mandate to create Transjordan which became Jordan, a state with an Arab majority population.

Some Israeli politicians, such as former prime minister Benjamin Netanyahu, argue for a form of two-state solution in which a Palestinian state is granted most of the attributes of an independent state but denied certain aspects of sovereignty that might allow it to threaten Israel. Netanyahu argues, for example, that the future states' ability to import arms should be restricted. The Palestinian leadership does not view such proposals as being in the true spirit of the two-state solution concept.

More recently, possible two state solutions have been discussed by the Saudi and US leadership[1].In 2002, Crown Prince (now King) Abdullah of Saudi Arabia proposed the Arab Peace Initiative, which garnered the unanimous support of the Arab League. President Bush announced his support for a Palestinian state, opening the way for UN Security Council Resolution 1397[2] supporting a two state solution. Christian communities in Israel also back the solution.

Notes

• Vorlage:NamedNote Cohen, Israel and the Arab World, pp. 209

See also

• Two Stars for Peace solution
• Arab Peace Initiative

External links

• frontline: house of saud: transcript | PBS
• BBC Four Storyville "House of Saud"

Further reading

• Aharon Cohen, Israel and the Arab World (Funk and Wagnalls, New York, 1970)

name). It is contrasted with the other two options: the binational solution (a twin federal arrangement) and the forced transfer solution (termination of the non-Palestinian or non-Israeli presence).