Benutzer:Elfabso/Kairei vent field
Vorlage:Infobox protected area
The Kairei vent field is a hydrothermal vent field located in the Indian Ocean at a depth of Vorlage:Convert. It is just north of the Rodrigues triple junction, approximately Vorlage:Convert east from Madagascar.[1] It is the first hydrothermal field discovered in the Indian Ocean and the first of the series of known vents along the Central Indian Ridge.
History
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]The vent field was discovered in 2000 by the R/V Kairei and ROV Kaikō operated by Japan Marine Science and Technology Center (JAMSTEC).[2] In 2001, the site was surveyed with high resolution prior to the deployment of ROV JASON.[3][4]
The vent field was visited again by JAMSTEC in 2009 on the YK09-13 cruise, where the HOV Shinkai6500 was deployed.
Geology
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]The field is dominated by sulfide talus, with the approximate area of high-temperature venting constrained to approximately 40 square meters. Fluids from the vent field have been measured in excess of Vorlage:Convert and are rich in metals, providing a black-smoker appearance. Elevated chlorinity in venting fluids suggests that phase-separation happens deep below the field.[4]
Biology
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]The Kairei vent field is one of the few known locations of the Sea Pangolin, threatened by deep sea mining.[5] It is also a site associated with Gigantopelta aegis and Alviniconcha strummeri gastropods.[6]
It is the site of discovery of Rimicaris kairei, belonging to the family of hydrothermal shrimp found at many sites in the Atlantic Ocean.[7]
Carbon and nitrogen isotopes suggest that there are four distinct trophic levels at the Karei vent field.[3]
Kairei is also of concern with respect to research on deep sea dispersal pathways, with some shared biological communities to those neighboring vent fields (Edmond, Solitaire, DoDo).[8]
References
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]External links
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]- ↑ Kairei Field. In: vents-data.interridge.org.
- ↑ Jun Hashimoto, Suguru Ohta, Toshitaka Gamo, Hitoshi Chiba, Toshiyuki Yamaguchi, Shinji Tsuchida, Takamoto Okudaira, Hajime Watabe, Toshiro Yamanaka, Mitsuko Kitazawa: First Hydrothermal Vent Communities from the Indian Ocean Discovered. In: Zoological Science. 18. Jahrgang, Nr. 5, Juli 2001, S. 717–721, doi:10.2108/zsj.18.717.
- ↑ a b C. Van Dover: Trophic relationships among invertebrates at the Kairei hydrothermal vent field (Central Indian Ridge). In: Marine Biology. 141. Jahrgang, Nr. 4, Oktober 2002, S. 761–772, doi:10.1007/s00227-002-0865-y.
- ↑ a b R. M. Gallant, K. L. Von Damm: Geochemical controls on hydrothermal fluids from the Kairei and Edmond Vent Fields, 23°-25°S, Central Indian Ridge: CONTROLS ON HYDROTHERMAL FLUIDS. In: Geochemistry, Geophysics, Geosystems. 7. Jahrgang, Nr. 6, Juni 2006, S. n/a, doi:10.1029/2005GC001067.
- ↑ Julia Sigwart, The Conversation: Sea Pangolin: The first ever species endangered by potential deep sea mining. In: phys.org. (englisch).
- ↑ Amy Fleming: One scientist's mission to save the 'super weird' snails under the sea. In: The Guardian. 26. Februar 2020.
- ↑ Hajime Watabe, Jun Hashimoto: A New Species of the Genus Rimicaris (Alvinocarididae: Caridea: Decapoda) from the Active Hydrothermal Vent Field, "Kairei Field," on the Central Indian Ridge, the Indian Ocean. In: Zoological Science. 19. Jahrgang, Nr. 10, Oktober 2002, S. 1167–1174, doi:10.2108/zsj.19.1167, PMID 12426479.
- ↑ Girish Beedessee, Hiromi Watanabe, Tomomi Ogura, Suguru Nemoto, Takuya Yahagi, Satoshi Nakagawa, Kentaro Nakamura, Ken Takai, Meera Koonjul, Daniel E. P. Marie: High Connectivity of Animal Populations in Deep-Sea Hydrothermal Vent Fields in the Central Indian Ridge Relevant to Its Geological Setting. In: PLOS ONE. 8. Jahrgang, Nr. 12, 16. Dezember 2013, S. e81570, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0081570, PMID 24358117, PMC 3864839 (freier Volltext), bibcode:2013PLoSO...881570B.