Benutzer:Grissef/Heinz Spanknöbel

aus Wikipedia, der freien Enzyklopädie
Zur Navigation springen Zur Suche springen
Dieser Artikel (Heinz Spanknöbel) ist im Entstehen begriffen und noch nicht Bestandteil der freien Enzyklopädie Wikipedia.
Wenn du dies liest:
  • Der Text kann teilweise in einer Fremdsprache verfasst, unvollständig sein oder noch ungeprüfte Aussagen enthalten.
  • Wenn du Fragen zum Thema hast, nimm am besten Kontakt mit dem Autor Grissef auf.
Wenn du diesen Artikel überarbeitest:
  • Bitte denke daran, die Angaben im Artikel durch geeignete Quellen zu belegen und zu prüfen, ob er auch anderweitig den Richtlinien der Wikipedia entspricht (siehe Wikipedia:Artikel).
  • Nach erfolgter Übersetzung kannst du diese Vorlage entfernen und den Artikel in den Artikelnamensraum verschieben. Die entstehende Weiterleitung kannst du schnelllöschen lassen.
  • Importe inaktiver Accounts, die länger als drei Monate völlig unbearbeitet sind, werden gelöscht.
Vorlage:Importartikel/Wartung-2024-11

Vorlage:Short description Vorlage:Use dmy dates Vorlage:Infobox person

Heinrich "Heinz" Spanknöbel (27 November 1893 – 10 March 1947[1]) was a German immigrant to America who formed, and for a short time led, the pro-Nazi Friends of New Germany as its Bundesleiter.[2]

Family

[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Heinz was born in Homberg, Germany to Konrad Spanknöbel (1866–1969) and Christiane Becker (1869–1966). He had an older brother, Karl Adolf (later Charles A. Noble; 6 September 1892, Homberg, Germany – 22 March 1983, Watsontown, Pennsylvania, USA) and younger brothers and sisters: Käthe (1897–1970), Anne (1898–1962), Wilhelm (1900–1980), August (1902–1969), Martha (1904–1966), and Frieda (1907–?).

In 1918, he married Elsa Fourier (1892–1957) in Würzburg, Germany.

Career

[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

In 1920, Spanknöbel was ordained as a minister on the Seventh-day Adventist Church Reform Movement in Würzburg.[3] He was admitted to the US as a minister in 1929, but his relationship with religion was dubious while he was in the country.[4] Spanknöbel was a member of the Free Society of Teutonia and an employee of the Ford Motor Company.[5] Initial support for American fascist organizations came from Germany.Vorlage:Citation needed In May 1933, Nazi Deputy Führer Rudolf Hess gave Spanknöbel authority to form an American Nazi organization.[6][7] Shortly thereafter, with help from the German consul in New York City, Spanknöbel formed the Friends of New Germany[6] by merging two older organizations in the United States— the Society of American Friends of Germany (formed from the dissolved Gauleitung-USA or Gau-USA)[2] and the Free Society of Teutonia; which were both small groups with only a few hundred members each. The Friends of New Germany was headquartered in Yorkville, Manhattan, but had a strong presence in Chicago.[6]

The organization led by Spanknöbel was openly pro-Nazi, and engaged in activities such as storming the German language New Yorker Staats-Zeitung with the demand that Nazi-sympathetic articles be published.[8] He attempted to infiltrate and influence other non-political German-American organizations, such as the United German Societies.[9] One of the Friends' early initiatives was to counter, with propaganda, a Jewish boycott of businesses in the heavily German neighborhood of Yorkville.

In an internal battle for control of the Friends,[10][11] Spanknöbel was ousted as leader and subsequently ordered to be deported in October 1933 since he had failed to register as a foreign agent.[6] At the same time, Congressman Samuel Dickstein's investigation concluded that the Friends represented a branch of German dictator Adolf Hitler's Nazi Party in America.[12] After a federal arrest warrant was issued for him, Spanknöbel boarded the S.S. Europa ocean liner bound for Bremen on 29 October.[13][2] In December 1933, Spanknöbel's bodyguard, Walter Kauf, was sentenced to six months in jail in New Jersey on charges of carrying a concealed weapon.[14]

Back in Germany, Spanknöbel reportedly became a director of the Propaganda School for Germans Living Abroad.[15] In 1942, a company called Vereinigte Leder- und Lederwarenfabriken Heinz Spanknöbel & Co. [United Leather and leather goods factories Heinz Spanknöbel & Co.] was founded in Hohenbruck near Königgrätz in then Sudetenland.[1]

Death

[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

After the occupation by the Soviet military, Spanknöbel was arrested on 4 October 1945 in Dresden by the NKVD secret police. He was held in captivity in the NKVD Special Camp No. 1 near Mühlberg, Brandenburg, where he died of starvation on 10 March 1947.[1][16]

See also

[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]
Portal: Biography – Germany

References

[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]

Vorlage:Reflist

{{DEFAULTSORT:Spanknöbel, Heinz}} [[Category:1893 births]] [[Category:1947 deaths]] [[Category:German emigrants to the United States]] [[Category:Former Seventh-day Adventists]] [[Category:Deaths by starvation]] [[Category:People who died in NKVD Special Camp No. 1]] [[Category:Nazi Party officials]] [[Category:Nazi propagandists]] [[Category:Nazis deported from the United States]] [[Category:Nazis who died in prison custody]]

  1. ↑ a b c Leonhardt, Heike, Steinhoff, Uwe: Heinz Spanknöbel. 12. Mai 2013, abgerufen am 11. November 2013 (deutsch).
  2. ↑ a b c Arnie Bernstein: Swastika Nation: Fritz Kuhn and the Rise and Fall of the German-American Bund. St. Martin's Press, 2013, ISBN 978-1-250-03644-5, S. 24–28 (google.com).
  3. ↑ Heinz Spanknoebel No Desperado, Only Ridiculous German, 29 October 1933. Abgerufen im 12 December 2017 (amerikanisches Englisch). 
  4. ↑ Michael Zalampas: Adolf Hitler and the Third Reich in American Magazines, 1923–1939. Popular Press, 1989, ISBN 978-0-87972-462-7, S. 42–43 (englisch, google.com [abgerufen am 12. Dezember 2017]).
  5. ↑ Max Wallace: The American Axis: Henry Ford, Charles Lindbergh, and the Rise of the Third Reich. St. Martin's Press, New York City 2003, ISBN 0-312-29022-5, 133 (archive.org [abgerufen am 29. November 2017]): „Spanknobel.“
  6. ↑ a b c d Jim Bredemus: American Bund: The Failure of American Nazism: The German-American Bund's Attempt to Create an American 'Fifth Column'. TRACES, archiviert vom Original am 18. Mai 2011; abgerufen am 29. November 2017.
  7. ↑ Jeffrey Kaplan: [[Encyclopedia of White Power]]: A Sourcebook on the Radical Racist Right. Rowman & Littlefield, 2000, ISBN 978-0-7425-0340-3, Adolph Hitler, S. 131 (englisch, google.com [abgerufen am 12. Dezember 2017]).
  8. ↑ Alex Q. Arbuckle: When Nazis held mass rallies in Madison Square Garden. In: Mashable. 27. Juli 2016, abgerufen am 12. Dezember 2017 (englisch).
  9. ↑ Francis MacDonnell: Insidious Foes: The Axis Fifth Column and the American Home Front. Oxford University Press, 1995, ISBN 978-0-19-535775-2, S. 42–43 (englisch, google.com).
  10. ↑ Sander A. Diamond: The Nazi Movement in the United States, 1924–1941. Cornell U.P., Ithaca, N.Y. 1974, ISBN 0-8014-0788-5, 113–123 (archive.org).
  11. ↑ Ronald Wayne Johnson: The German-American Bund, 1924-1941. University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 1967, S. 6–10.
  12. ↑ Ryan Shaffer: Long Island Nazis: A Local Synthesis of Transnational Politics. In: Long Island History Journal. 21. Jahrgang, Nr. 2, ISSN 0898-7084 (stonybrook.edu [abgerufen am 12. Dezember 2017]).
  13. ↑ Vorlage:Cite magazine
  14. ↑ Dickstein Asks Delay in Deporting Spanknoebel Aide to Be Sentenced Today. In: Jewish Telegraphic Agency. 20. März 2015, abgerufen am 3. Januar 2024 (amerikanisches Englisch).
  15. ↑ United States v. Bregler, et al. —Decision. In: www.uniset.ca. 16. Juni 1944, abgerufen am 12. Dezember 2017.
  16. ↑ Freed American Gets a Passport; Says Brother, Ex-Nazi Here, Died; Noble Asserts Heinz Spanknoebel, Who Was Indicted by U. S., Succumbed to Illness While in Camp in East Germany In: The New York Times, 22 August 1952. Abgerufen im 12 December 2017 
Abgerufen von „https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Benutzer:Grissef/Heinz_Spanknöbel&oldid=250031292“