Benutzer:Shi Annan/Chatral Sangye Dorje
Chatral Sangye Dorje Rinpoche (, „Erleuchtete Unzerstörbare Freiheit von Aktivität“; geb. 18. Juni 1913; gest. 30. Dezember 2015)[1][2] war ein tibetischer Dzogchen-Meister und als Einsiedler lebender Ngagpa-Yogi. Er war bekannt für seine starke Verwirklichung und strikte Disziplin.[3] Chatral Sangye Dorje war ein Schüler von Khenpo Ngawang Pelzang und weithin als einer der am stärksten Verwirklichten Dzogchen Yogis anerkannt.[3] Neben der Ausbildung bei Khenpo Ngagchung hatte Chatral Sangye Dorje auch bei weiteren anerkannten Meistern des vergangenen Jahrhunderts, unter anderem Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje, Dzongsar Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö und Kunzang Dekyong Wangmo Unterricht erhalten. Chatral Sangye Dorje gehörte der Ursprungs-Lineage der Longchen Nyingthig (ཀློང་ཆེན་སྙིང་ཐིག) an und führte die Lineage auf Jigme Lingpa und dessen Herzenssohn Jigme Gyalwe Nyugu zurück und auch auf Patrul Rinpoche.[3]
Vor seinem Tod 2015 lebte Chatral Sangye Dorje teils in Salbari, Indien, und in Kathmandu, Nepal. Er hinterließ zwei Töchter, Tara Devi und Saraswati und seine Frau Kamala.
Jugend
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Throgyal Dorje wurde 1913 im Nyarong-Tal in Ost-Kham geboren, im 'Jahr des Weiblichen Water Büffels, am Morgen des Tsechu (10. Tag des lunaren Tibetischen Kalenders, (18. Juni). Der Tag wird jedes Jahr als Tag des Guru Padmasambhava gefeiert, welcher sich als Dorje Tröllö (Dorje Drollo) manifestierte. His father was Pema Dondrub whose family line was Mukpo Dong and his mother, Sonam Tso, was a member of the Wakyung family.[4]
Several predictions are said to have foretold the birth of Chatral Rinpoche.[5] Among the future predictions of Yonru Chimey Dorje, a disciple of Chagdud Pema Dudul, the following text is found:
The day after Chatral Sangye Dorje was born, Asay Bigo Trulku Nyima Gyelthsen, who was an incarnation of Lopen Chandra Gomi, visited Pema and Sonam to tell them about the vision he had about his emergence.[6][7] In accordance to his vision, he bestowed the name Throgyal Dorjee to Chatral Sangye Dorje.[5][7]
Life as a hermit
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Education in Dharma
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]At age 15, Chatral Sangye Dorje left his home to study and practice Buddhism with Buddhist masters. This act of renunciation began his life-long journey as a carefree yogi seeking enlightenment at any cost in order to effectively help other beings with compassion. During this time, he received transmissions of the Dudjom Tersar cycle of terton Dudjom Lingpa from the terton's son Dorje Dradül. He further received teachings from Sera Khandro Kunzang Dekyong Wangmo, who was a daughter-in-law of Terton Dudjom Lingpa.Vorlage:Citation needed She passed on to Chatral Sangye Dorje the terma cycle teachings of Sera Khandro and he became the principal lineage holder of this tradition as well.[8]
Following the instructions of Sera Khandro, Chatral Sangye Dorje visited Kathok Monastery where he met his root guru Khenpo Ngawang Pelzang. Khenpo Ngawang gave Chatral Rinpoche many teachings and transmissions—particularly of the Longchen Nyinthig tradition. Chatral Sangye Dorje studied with other masters at Kathok Monastery as well, in addition to the great Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö from Dzongsar Monastery, which like Kathok lies in the Derge region of Kham.[7] Realizing his greatness, Khenpo Ngawang crowned the then Throgyal Dorjee as Chatral Sangye Dorje.[5][7]
Chatral Rinpoche studied under 40 of the most accomplished and highly renowned teachers of Buddhism.[9] Other teachers under whom Chatral Sangye Dorje studied were Shechen Kongtrul Pema Drimé Lekpé Lodrö, Gyurme Tenpa Namgyal, Jigdral Chogkyi Langpo, Jigmey Dechen Dorje, Pema Trinley Gyatso, Katok Situ Chökyi Gyatso, Thupten Chökyi Dorje, Adzom Gyalse Gyurme Dorje and Apang Tertön.Vorlage:Citation needed
Chatral Rinpoche met Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje while in Central Tibet. Dudjom Rinpoche had a great influence in Chatral Rinpoche's life. Dudjom Rinpoche transmitted to Chatral Rinpoche the complete cycle of the Dudjom Tersar teachings, naming him the Vajra Regent of the tradition.[7][10][11]
Dharma activities in Tibet
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]As a ngagpa, Chatral Rinpoche spent most of his time wandering ceaselessly and meditating in deep mountain caves.[10] In 1937, the fifth Reting Rinpoche and the regent of 14th Dalai Lama, Jamphel Yeshe Gyaltsen requested Khenpo Ngawang Pelzang to come to Lhasa to give Dzogchen transmissions. Owing to his old age, Khenpo Ngawang instead recommended Reting Rinpoche to look for Chatral Rinpoche.[7]
Reting Rinpoche sent messengers with a letter from Khenpo Ngawang to find Chatral Rinpoche. They found him meditating in a dense forest of Southern Tibet.[7] Though reluctant at first, Chatral Sangye Dorje agreed to go to Lhasa on seeing a letter from his root guru. Chatral Sangye Dorje stayed with Reting Rinpoche for two years, giving him many transmissions and instructions - the ear-whispered and profound heart essence of the Dzogchen teachings.[12]
Dharma activities outside Tibet
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]In 1958, Chatral Rinpoche left Tibet for Bhutan where he travelled to Paro Taktsang and other places associated with Guru Rinpoche.[7] He then moved to India, where he restored a small temple in Jorebungalow near Darjeeling.[13] He turned the temple into a three-year meditation retreat center for Longchen Nyinthig practice. This was the first such center built by a Tibetan outside of Tibet.[7][11][13] Chatral Sangye Dorje further established retreat centers in Sikkim, Godawari, Yolmo and Pharping.
In 1960, Chatral Sangye Dorje visited some of the Buddhist pilgrimage sites in India.[7][14] In 1968, Chatral Sangye Dorje met American Trappist monk Father Thomas Merton.[10][13] Chatral Sangye Dorje and Merton exchanged conversations on philosophical and spiritual aspects of Christianity and Buddhism.[15] As they split, Merton remarked, "That’s the greatest man I ever met. That’s my teacher."[7][10][11][15]
On request of Lungten Tulku, Chatral Sangye Dorje visited Bhutan in 1988. He petitioned His Majesty King Jigme Singye Wangchuk for construction of retreat center in Beyul Langdra. The retreat center is now headed by Lungten Tulku.[16]
A close disciple of Dudjom Rinpoche, Chatral Sangye Dorje was empowered as the Vajra Regent of Dudjom Rinpoche. He recognized Sangye Pema Zhepa, the grandson of Dudjom Rinpoche, as the reincarnation or yangsi of Dudjom Rinpoche in 1990. He presided over the enthronement of Dudjom Yangsi in 1994, and passed on the teachings of the Dudjom Tersar cycle to his master's reincarnation.[17] Chatral Sangye Dorje himself looked over the education of Dudjom Yangsi. Dudjom Rinpoche considers Chatral Rinpoche to be his root guru.Vorlage:Citation needed
Chatral Sangye Dorje was very selective when it came to his students, and as such had only a handful of students, despite being famed for his Dharma activities all around the world.[7] This allowed Chatral Sangye Dorje to spend more time in retreats. Every 15th and 30th day of the lunar month, Chatral Sangye Dorje would release thousands of fishes rescued from fisheries into Trishuli River near Pharphing or into Teesta River near Siliguri. He also rescued animals from slaughterhouses, paying money to the owners for the rescued animals.[18]
Familie
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]In 1962, Chatral Sangye Dorje married Sangyum Kamala. Sangyum was only 20, while Chatral Sangye Dorje was already 49. They were married for 53 years at the time of Chatral Sangye Dorje's death in 2015. Chatral Sangye Dorje and Kamala have two daughters, Semo Tara Devi and Semo Saraswati. Semo Saraswati is unmarried and has been recognized as the reincarnation of Sera Khandro.[8]
Tod
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Chatral Rinpoche died of natural causes on 30 December 2015, coinciding with the 20th day of the female wood sheep year lunar Tibetan calendar at around 5 pm (NPT) in Pharping, Nepal. His body remained in thukdam for three days after his passing away. His mahaparinirvana ceremony was led by his two heart sons Katok Situ Rinpoche and Dudjom Yangsi Rinpoche. His kudung was visited by several important lineage masters, including Chökyi Nyima Rinpoche, Tsikey Chokling Rinpoche and Tsoknyi Rinpoche.[19]
Lehre
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Chatral Sangye Dorje has shunned institutional and political involvement his whole life, choosing instead to live the life of a wandering yogi. Even in old age he continued to move about, rarely remaining in one place for more than a few months. A lay yogi, he was also greatly concerned with maintaining strict discipline in the context of the Dzogchen view. In addition to his emphasis on the union of view and conduct, Chatral Sangye Dorje also stressed the practice of retreat. He has established numerous retreat centers throughout the Himalayas, including in Pharping, Yolmo, and Darjeeling.
Vegetarianism
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]While visiting the Bodh Gaya in 1960 at age 47, Chatral Sangye Dorje became a vegetarian and made a firm commitment to give up meat and alcohol.[20] He stated: Vorlage:Quote
He advocated compassion and vegetarianism in his teachings and had a yearly practice of spending his money releasing fish from the Calcutta fish markets.[3][20] Meat was not allowed in his monasteries.[20]
Primary teachers
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]- Khenpo Ngawang Pelzang (also known as Khenpo Ngaga, Ngawang Palzang)
- Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje
- Dzongsar Khyentse Chökyi Lodrö (previous incarnation of Dzongsar Jamyang Khyentse Rinpoche)
- Kunzang Dekyong Wangmo[21]
Primary lineages
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Though his main lineage was the Longchen Nyingthig, Chatral Sangye Dorje was also closely associated with the Dudjom Tersar lineage. He was empowered as the regent of Dudjom Jigdral Yeshe Dorje and was passing on this lineage to this master's reincarnation, who lives primarily in Central Tibet.
Notable students
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]Chatral Sangye Dorje was the root guru of Dudjom Yangsi Rinpoche. Other notable students of Chatral Rinpoche include Tharchin Rinpoche, and Chogyal Wangchuk Namgyal.
Literatur
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]- Chatral Rinpoche: Compassionate Action. Hrsg.: Zach Larson. Snow Lion Publications, 2007, ISBN 978-1-55939-271-6.
Online texts
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]- Chatral Rinpoche Series by Lotsawa House[22]
Einzelnachweise
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]- ↑ The great yogi Kyabje Chatral Rinpoche turns today 100years! In: News. Ngagyur Shedrub Sungdrelling, 18. Juni 2013, abgerufen am 17. Oktober 2013.
- ↑ བྱ་བྲལ་སངས་རྒྱས་རྡོ་རྗེ་སྐུ་གཤེགས་པ་དང་འབྲེལ་བའི་གལ་ཆེའི་འབོད་སྐུལ།.
- ↑ a b c d His Holiness Chatral Sangye Dorje Rinpoche. Archiviert vom am 28. September 2011; abgerufen am 26. Dezember 2008 (englisch).
- ↑ Chatral Rinpoche. PADMASAMBHAVA STUPA. In: www.padmasambhavastupa.org. Abgerufen am 20. April 2019.
- ↑ a b c Kyabje Chatral Rinpoche. In: Orgyen Namdrol Choling. Abgerufen am 20. April 2019 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ XXIV Annual Nyingma Monlam Chenmo. Nyingma Monlam Chenmo International Foundation, 2013, S. 96–97.
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l dva-voice: Chatral Rinpoche, Dzogchen Master and vegetarian advocate. In: Dharma Voices for Animals. 4. Juni 2014, archiviert vom am 20. April 2019; abgerufen am 20. April 2019 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ a b Sera Khandro: A Reader\'s Guide. In: Shambhala. 21. Januar 2019, abgerufen am 21. April 2019 (englisch).
- ↑ Obituary: Tibetan Parliament Condoles Demise of Chatral Rinpoche | Central Tibetan Administration. In: tibet.net. Archiviert vom am 3. Februar 2019; abgerufen am 21. April 2019.
- ↑ a b c d Kyabje Chatral Sangye Dorje Rinpoche (Chadral Rinpoche)| Vegetarianism, Buddhism & Saving Lives (Tsethar). In: www.shabkar.org. Abgerufen am 21. April 2019.
- ↑ a b c H.H. Kyabje Chadral Rinpoche – Dudjom Buddhist International. Abgerufen am 21. April 2019 (amerikanisches Englisch).
- ↑ Reting Rinpoche - 5th incarnation Thubden Jampal Yeshe Tenpa Gyaltsen. In: reting.org. Abgerufen am 21. April 2019.
- ↑ a b c Tulku Thondup: Masters of Meditation and Miracles. Shambala Publications, Inc, Boston, Massachusetts 2014, ISBN 978-0-8348-2482-9.
- ↑ On Flesh Eating by Chatral Rinpoche. In: www.dharmadata.org. Abgerufen am 21. April 2019.
- ↑ a b Matthew Gindin: Chatral Rinpoche, Thomas Merton, Easter and Nuclear Weapons. In: Medium. 16. April 2017, abgerufen am 21. April 2019.
- ↑ Beyul Langdrak | Neykor | A Journey of Spiritual Immersion in Bhutan. In: www.neykor.com. Abgerufen am 21. April 2019.
- ↑ The Yangsis of HH Dudjom Rinpoche, Jigdral Yeshe Dorje. In: www.nyingma.com. Archiviert vom am 3. Dezember 2010; abgerufen am 21. April 2019.
- ↑ Jadrel Sangay Dorji Rinpoche. Tsem Rinpoche. In: www.tsemrinpoche.com. Abgerufen am 21. April 2019.
- ↑ The Mahaparinirvana Ceremony of His Holiness Chatral Sangay Dorje Rinpoche. Buddhistdoor. In: www.buddhistdoor.net. Abgerufen am 21. April 2019.
- ↑ a b c "On Flesh Eating by Chatral Rinpoche". dharmadata.org. Retrieved 16 March 2023.
- ↑ Consorts and revelation in eastern Tibet: the auto/biographical writings of the Treasure revealer Sera Khandro (1892--1940). sunzi1.lib.hku.hk.
- ↑ Chatral Rinpoche Series
Weblinks
[Bearbeiten | Quelltext bearbeiten]- A translated biography of Chatral Rinpoche's life story (rnam thar)
- Declaration of Chatral Rinpoche With Regard to Misuse of His Name at April 2007 Archivlink
- Photograph with explanatory text
[[Kategorie: [[Kategorie:Geboren 1913]] [[Kategorie:Gestorben 2015]] [[Kategorie:Mann]] {{Personendaten |NAME= Sangye Dorje, Chatral |ALTERNATIVNAMEN= Bya-bral Rin-po-che, Chatralwa, Chatral Rinpoche, Sangye Dorje, Dorje, Sangye, Chatral, Rinpoche (Vorlage), Chatral Sangye Dorje, Rinpoche, Chatral Rinpoche Sangye Dorje, Chatral Sangye, Rinpoche, Sangye Dorje, Chatral, Rinpoche, Chatral Rinpoche Sangye Dorje, Kyabje Chatral Sangye Dorje, Rinpoche, Dorje, Chatral Sangye, Dorje, Kyabje Chatral Sangye, Chatral Sangye Dorje Rinpoche, Kyabje Chatral Sangye Dorje Rinpoche |KURZBESCHREIBUNG= |GEBURTSDATUM= 1913 |GEBURTSORT= |STERBEDATUM= 2015 |STERBEORT= }} Chinese vegetarianism activists]] [[Category:Dzogchen lamas]] [[Category:Men centenarians]] [[Category:Nyingma lamas]] [[Category:Rinpoches]] [[Category:Scholars of Buddhism from Tibet]] [[Category:Tibetan Buddhism writers]] [[Category:Tibetan Buddhists from Tibet]] [[Category:Tibetan centenarians]]